The cases with positive SIRT1 expression were 117 among 239 cases without tumor lymph node metastasis of ESCC, with a positive rate of 48.95%, The cases with positive SIRT1 expression were 170 among 271 cases with tumor lymph node metastasis of ESCC, with a positive rate of 62.73%. This evidence concerns the gene SIRT1 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.