CRP and lung cancer: The famous CANTOS study illuminated that in patients with previous myocardial infarction and a high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level of 2 mg or more per liter, anti-inflammatory therapy targeting the interleukin-1β innate immunity pathway with canakinumab not only led to a significantly lower rate of recurrent cardiovascular events, but also markedly reduced incident lung cancer and lung cancer mortality, suggesting that immune-inflammatory mechanism may be a common pathophysiological basis for cancers and CVDs (Ridker, et al., 2017a; Ridker, et al., 2017b).