In addition to NLRP3, experimental studies have demonstrated that caspase-1 is also involved in NAFLD/NASH (Dixon et al., 2012), as it can process pro-IL-1β to its bioactive form, IL-1β, which has a key role in accelerating NAFLD development and inflammation induced by obesity (Mirea et al., 2020). Here, IL1B is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.