In NAFLD, various stimuli can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, such as extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP), cholesterol crystals, mitochondrial ROS, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), uric acid, cardiolipin, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and impaired mitophagy (Figure 1). This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.