These mechanisms may also be important in breast cancer as a series of breast cancer cell lines undergo cap-dependent translational increase in MCL-1 after BCL-2 and/or BCL-XL inhibition, and it has also been illustrated that a translational increase in MCL-1 protein can occur through the mTOR/4E-BP axis in PIK3CA-mutant breast cancers [71]. This evidence concerns the gene PIK3CA and breast cancer.