In the ROC curve analysis, addition of VCAM-1 to the reference model comprising age, sex, and clinical tumor stage improved its discriminatory ability to predict LNM (+5.8 %; p < 0.001), ≥pT3 disease (+2.0 %; p = 0.008), and NOCD (+4.4 %; p < 0.001). Here, VCAM1 is linked to neoplasm.