IL34 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Serum IL-34 was decreased significantly by > 20% post-TACE in HBV-HCC patients, compared to that prior to the treatment (28.82 vs. 21.23, p < 0.01) (Fig. 1C); No significant difference of MCSF was observed in the HBV-HCC patients between prior to and post-TACE treatment (175.6 vs. 171.7, p > 0.05) (Fig. 1D).