DCC and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: The results confirmed that higher density of CD45+CD3−CSF-1R+PD-L1+ cells is associated with poorer OS in both ICC and DCC, but not in HC (Fig. 4M–O), supporting either PD-1/PD-L1, CSF1-R, or both in a combination as a therapeutic target for ICC and DCC.