MALAT1 and Cerebral ischemia: Among these differentially expressed lncRNAs in ischemic stroke, lncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (Malat1) [95–97], LOC102640519 [98], and maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) [99] exhibit increased expression, and lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 8 (Snhg8) [100] and X-inactive-specific transcript (XIST) [61] exhibit decreased expression in brain microvascular endothelial cell (BMEC) cultures, astrocytes, or ischemic brain tissues under hypoxia or cerebral ischemia in mice (Fig. 1).