Among these differentially expressed lncRNAs in ischemic stroke, lncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (Malat1) [95–97], LOC102640519 [98], and maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) [99] exhibit increased expression, and lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 8 (Snhg8) [100] and X-inactive-specific transcript (XIST) [61] exhibit decreased expression in brain microvascular endothelial cell (BMEC) cultures, astrocytes, or ischemic brain tissues under hypoxia or cerebral ischemia in mice (Fig. 1). Here, XIST is linked to brain ischemia.