VEGFA and neoplasm: Third, anti-VEGF therapy normalizes tumor vasculature and additionally reduces VEGF-mediated immunosuppression in tumors and their microenvironment and may enhance the efficacy of anti-PD-1 and anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) by reversing VEGF-mediated immunosuppression and promoting T-cell infiltration in tumors [11, 25, 26].