Previous studies showed that the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 was one of the key transcriptional factors (TFs) needed for both TLR7 and TLR9 signaling in B cell, and patients with autosomal dominant hyper IgE syndromes (AD-HIES) due to STAT3 mutations having defective TLRs response in B cells. This evidence concerns the gene TLR9 and Autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome.