TLR9 and Alzheimer disease: As natural models for determining the functions of STAT3 in TLRs signals in human B cells, AD-HIES patients were reported to have defective TLR9 response in B cells, namely, proliferation, differentiation, and immune globulin secretion, which provided very solid evidence on the importance of STAT3 in TLRs signals in human B cells (6, 7, 13).