IRAK1 and infection: Since IL-10 and IL-27 are anti-inflammatory cytokines, IRAK1-mediated IL-1R to STAT signaling may play a role in the late stage tissue repair and remodeling, while IRAK1-mediated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in NF-κB/MAPK signaling may engage in the early stage of infection and inflammation [35,36].