Using Kuldorff’s scan statistic (SaTScan), significant clustering of all infection markers was identified around Fagali’i village (cluster 1) in the north west, an area of high Ag prevalence identified by our previous studies from 2010 and 2014 (Figs 2B, 3B, 4B, 5B and 6B). This evidence concerns the gene RENBP and infection.