NFKB1 and neuritis: Metal‐based NPs, such as Ag NPs, significantly increased the phosphorylation of IKKα/β and IκBα, leading to the release and nuclear translocation of NF‐κB.[49] In a study of nerve inflammation caused by ZnO NPs, it was found that NF‐κB activation was induced by a Ca2+‐dependent pathway.[19] Furthermore, by comparing the ability of CdTe quantum dots (QDs), Ag, and Au NPs to stimulate NF‐κB binding in HepG2 cells, researchers found that the Au NPs and CdTe QDs strongly inhibited NF‐κB binding activity.