M032 induced intratumoral mRNA transcription signatures indicative of immune modulation in 83% (5/6) of canine glioma patients, including increased copy number of mRNAs [based on the top 20 differentially expressed genes] corresponding with interferon signaling (IFNA7 and IL29L), lymphoid and myeloid cell activation, recruitment (L selectin, IL-16, TLR9), and T and B cell immunity (AICDA). The gene discussed is IL16; the disease is glioma.