On the other hand, the VAF of ASXL1 (r2 = 0.0619, P = 0.49) and PTPN11 (r2 = 0.094, P = 0.39) were slightly higher in primary AML cells and decreased when engrafted in PDX models (Fig. 2e, g and Supplementary Fig. 1b). Here, PTPN11 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.