In addition, we have reported that dietary administration of FKA-formulated food to UPII-SV40T transgenic mice, a model which produces a functional inactivation of p53/pRb proteins in the mouse bladder, increases the survival of the mice, reduces tumorigenesis, and delays the progression of carcinoma in situ (CIS) to high-grade papillary and muscle-invasive UCC [11]. Here, TP53 is linked to in situ carcinoma.