HMGB1 and Hepatitis: The results show that inhibition of HMGB1 leads to healthier livers and higher survival rates with down-regulation of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL4, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-17A and up-regulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 [19], demonstrating the important role of the HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway in schistosome-induced liver inflammation.