IL18 and diabetes mellitus: It is known that patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are vulnerable to chronic low-grade inflammatory responses; elevated levels of inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell (WBC) counts, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interferon-γ-inducible protein-10 (IP-10), haptoglobin and fibrinogen are seen prior to the onset of type 2 DM (T2DM) [15].