Combining MHC depletion with ectopic expression of immunoregulatory suppressive genes such as B7-H1/PD-L1, B7-H2, CTLA-4-Ig, HLA-E, and CD47 will enhance hypoimmunity (Deuse et al., 2019; Gornalusse et al., 2017; Han et al., 2019; Harding et al., 2019; Rong et al., 2014) but will broadly suppress alloreactive immunity, NK cells, and macrophages (Mogensen, 2009), thus significantly increasing the possible risk of uncontrolled infection of the graft cells. Here, HLA-C is linked to infection.