PCK1 and malignant colon neoplasm: While the over-expression of PCK1 was declared in colon cancer [43], lung cancer [44], melanoma [45], and lymphoma [43], metastatic breast cancer cells [43, 45, 46], and skin cancer [47], the down-regulation of this gene is present in kidney cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [43, 47, 48].