NF-κB over-expression and excessive activation were found to be the independent prognostic marker for poor survival and drug resistance in DLBCL.27,28 Particularly, ABC subtype of DLBCL, as distinguished by increased dependence on the NF-κB signaling pathway, tends to be refractory to chemotherapy. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.