Following induction of IBD by DSS, there was a strong expression of Ki-67 throughout the colonic mucosa and submucosa (Fig. 10d), while after administration of BA or BANPs, there was a significant reduction in Ki-67 expressing cells in the colonic sections, and especially in the lamina propria and the submucosa (Fig. 10e,f, respectively). The gene discussed is MKI67; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.