MBL plays a key role in the innate immune response,32 highlighting its serum concentration as a requirement for predisposition to the development of human infectious diseases.33, 34 MBL2 gene variants have been associated with an increased risk of infections caused by protozoa.35, 36 However, few studies have investigated genetic variants in the MBL2 gene in Leishmaniasis.26, 27, 28, 29 Three studies have suggested that variants correlated with low circulating levels of MBL are protective for VL,26, 28 while one study showed susceptibility to CL.29 This evidence concerns the gene MBL2 and infectious disease.