GBA1 and cholangiocarcinoma: In order to address the role of ceramide glycosylation in CCA, we first determined the basal expression of the three ceramide-metabolizing enzymes (GCS, GBA1, and GBA2) in the two CCA cell lines (KKU-100 and KKU-213A), while basal GBA3 expression was excluded because its specific role is still unclear.