The logistic regression model revealed a significantly increased risk of insulin resistance in the subpopulation of women with PCOS with TSH > 2.5 and negative ATA (OR 1.8, CI 1.13–2.85, p = 0.01 for HOMA-IR > 2.5; OR 1.81, CI 1.096–3.009, p = 0.02 for 120 min 75 OGTT insulin ≥ 100 μU/mL), as well as in the subpopulation of women with TSH > 2.5 regardless of ATA status (OR 1.91, CI 1.23–2.99, p = 0.004 for HOMA-IR > 2.5). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.