Exposure of TMZ-resistant glioblastoma cells to 10 μM of curcumin resulted in a two-fold (4% to 8%) increase in apoptosis, resulting in a 40% reduction in Cx43 expression; furthermore, subsequent exposure to MG132 inhibited the degradation of Cx43, involving the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in the degradation of Cx43 [111]. Here, GJA1 is linked to glioblastoma.