There has been an increased interest in exploiting the potential of TRAIL to treat metabolic diseases [12,13], based on a growing body of experimental and clinical evidence suggesting that the TRAIL system plays an important role in the development and progression of both autoimmune (T1DM) and obesity-associated (T2DM) diabetes mellitus [13,14]. This evidence concerns the gene TNFSF10 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.