INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: T2DM: The beneficial effects of TRAIL in the setting of T2DM have been mainly ascribed to its immunosuppressive and immunoregulatory properties, which counteract inflammation which is a cardinal feature of T2DM [76], proliferative effects on pancreatic functional β-cell mass [32], insulin-sensitizing and myogenic effects on skeletal muscle tissue [33], and protective effects on liver consisting mainly in NAFLD amelioration [20].