SIRT1 and diabetes mellitus: Compared to the sham group, we found that elevated serum glucose level, elevated serum oxidative stress, elevated pancreatic oxidative stress (Figure 3a–c), suppressed survival markers (Figure 4), suppressed antioxidant Sirt1 pathway (Figure 5), expressed apoptotic markers (Figure 6), reduced islet size (Figure 7), and increased fibrotic signaling (Figure 8) were observed in the DM group.