A clinical study by de Matos-Neto and colleagues performed on patients with different cancers who were matched for diagnosis showed increased gene expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2), and CCL4 protein expression in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of cachectic cancer patients compared with those who were not cachectic [62]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and cancer.