MTOR and posterior cortical atrophy: To further test the causal link among the reciprocal miRNA-mRNA pairings identified from mTOR and VEGF signaling in AA PCa (Figure 1 and Figure 2), miR-34a-5p mimic, miR-99b-5p and miR-96-5p were transfected into EA and AA PCa cells followed by in-vitro functional assays to examine their effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis initiation.