CTLA4 and neoplasm: ICIs consist of monoclonal antibodies targeting programmed death 1 (PD-1), programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), or cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4), unleashing an anti-tumor immune response: nivolumab, pembrolizumab, and cemiplimab are directed against PD1; atezolizumab, avelumab, and durvalumab target PD-L1; and ipilimumab binds CTLA4 [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14] (Supplementary Table S1).