While there was no association between maternal tobacco exposure and an infant’s risk for developing BPD, IHC of placental tissues showed a higher expression of NGAL in the fetal surfaces and upper portion of the placenta parenchyma of tobacco exposure mothers (Figure 1A,C) compared to those of No TE (Figure 1B,D) mothers. The gene discussed is LCN2; the disease is bronchopulmonary dysplasia.