OPA1 and Hyperglycemia: Indeed, hyperglycemia led to the significant downregulation of mitochondrial fusion related actors, including MFN-1, MFN-2 and OPA-1 (Figure 5c), while inducing the expression of pro-fission markers namely DRP-1 and Fis-1 (p < 0.001) and confirming that overaccumulation of glucose leads to impaired mitochondria characterised by enhanced division and fission, which consequently culminate to excessive mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production.