The human pathogens Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella enterica, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), Proteus mirabilis, or Yersinia enterocolitica also target E-cadherin during infection [22,23,24], leading to the hypothesis that bacteria utilize HtrA proteases to promote infectious diseases via a local opening of intercellular adhesions [21]. This evidence concerns the gene HTRA1 and infection.