During this process, several active factors, such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and NADPH Oxidase 4 (NOX4), contribute to a chronic inflammatory response, oxidative stress injury, extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, and renal fibrosis [4,5,6]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to renal fibrosis.