APEX1 and cancer: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data set have shown that somatic BER gene mutations are found in 30% of tumors, and other also indicated that germline variant of BER genes (POLB, APEX1, MUTYH, XRCC1 OGG1, TDG) leads to compromised repair capacity and increases the risk of inflammatory associated diseases, including cancer [68].