TNF and colitis: For example, postbiotics derived from Faecalibacterium prausnitzii decreased the synthesis of the proinflammatory tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) cytokines, and increased the secretion of the anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 (IL-10) cytokine in trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced colitis mice in a Crohn’s disease model [10].