Together with a high number of MDSCs residing in the liver, which secrete immunosuppressive molecules, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), TGF-β and arginase that suppress T-cells activation [38], a strong immunosuppressive milieu is created, leading to immune escape and enabling uncontrolled tumour growth (Figure 1). The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is neoplasm.