The mitochondrial ribosomal protein L41 (MRPL41) suppresses tumor cell growth through inducing p53-induced mitochondrion-dependent apoptosis, whereas the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling by the S29 ribosomal protein (RPS29) causes apoptosis in a human laryngeal carcinoma cell line [127,128]. The gene discussed is MRPL41; the disease is neoplasm.