The same study also identified cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), c-Met (also called tyrosine-protein kinase Met or hepatocyte growth factor receptor HGFR), carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9), Podoplanin (PDPN, a transmembrane glycoprotein associated with lymph node metastasis and poor survival in HNSCC), Ki-67, p16, p53, IMP3 (IMP U3 small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein 3), and c-Jun as potential risk-predictive markers. Here, IMP3 is linked to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.