NFKB1 and neoplasm: Piperine, a natural chemical compound with anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory properties, exhibits inhibitory effects, such as the suppression of NF-κB in colorectal carcinogenesis [18], as well as inhibitory effects on interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) expression [19,20,21].