The mean serum level of IL-31 was 679.9 ± 1112.3 pg/mL in a group of HD patients reporting CKD-aP, 176.1 ± 290.7 pg/mL in a group of HD patients not suffering from CKD-aP and 57.3 ± 65.1 pg/mL in a group of healthy controls (Figure 1). The gene discussed is IL31; the disease is chronic kidney disease.