As shown in Figure 2A–C, between 1995 and 2009, while HSA concentrations remained within normal reference ranges, AFB1-lys adduct levels progressively decreased by approximately 80%; our original publication found that this was likely due to shifts in Chinese agro-economic policy [14] and that this diminished AFB1 exposure contributed significantly to a now 30-year trend of decreasing liver cancer mortality in Qidong [17]. The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is liver cancer.