The results were that GPNMB-EVs significantly promoted the bone marrow mesenchyme and the proliferation of stem cells, and GPNMB-EVs activated Wnt/β-catenin signals to stimulate the osteogenesis of BMSCs, which indicated that GPNMB-EVs have broad potential as a cell-free therapy for osteoporosis [99]. The gene discussed is GPNMB; the disease is osteoporosis.