Chun-Yuan Chen et al. collected EVs from human-urine-derived stem cells (USG), and then injected these EVs into a mouse model of osteoporosis, which proved that these EVs can enhance bone formation and inhibit osteoclast resorption; the specific mechanism is the enrichment of CTHRC1 and OPG proteins are necessary for inducing bone formation and inhibiting osteoclast resorption. Here, TNFRSF11B is linked to osteoporosis.