Specifically, these shared pathways with IBD were linked to inflammation (TNF, IL-1A, IL-1B, NFkB, IL-6) and growth (TREM1, TGFB1) (Figure 3A,B), while other pathways shared with colon cancer were associated with colorectal metastatic signaling, growth (TREM1, NFkB and HMGB1) and inflammation (IL-8, IL-6) (Figure 3C,D). Here, TNF is linked to colonic neoplasm.