Unfortunately, we were not able to stage CKD according to proteinuria criteria and to provide serum creatinine-independent kidney function parameters, such as serum cystatin C. Future studies may clarify the role of kidney care, especially in patients with diabetes and anaemia, and monitoring of additional renal function parameters such as serum cystatin C and Dickkopf-3 in patients with TR [34]. Here, CST3 is linked to chronic kidney disease.