Dysregulation of the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is implicated in a number of diseases including cancer, where PTEN mutations and deletions consequently lead to increased cell proliferation and reduced cell death.[80] Our findings complement recent studies in which PTEN partial inhibition, achieved either through small molecules, gene knockdown, or miRNAs led to increased cardiomyocyte proliferation[81] and reduced apoptosis[82] in vitro, and attenuation of endothelial cell apoptosis[83] and overall improved cardiac outcomes[84] in vivo. This evidence concerns the gene PTEN and cancer.