Tumor cells can directly bind to the platelets through selectin-P and glycoprotein-IIa/IIIb to directly “educate” platelets to participate in tumor progression and metastasis, or indirectly educate them by secreting extracellular molecular substances such as thrombin, tissue factor, matrix metalloproteinase, and ADP (29–31). This evidence concerns the gene ITGB1 and neoplasm.