Exosome SGs in CKD had functional pathways, namely, apelin pancreas signaling, receptor tyrosine-protein kinase ErbB2 (human epithelial growth factor receptor 2, HER-2)–receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB3 (HER-3) signaling, UVA induced MAPK signaling, insulin receptor signaling, interferon signaling, cell cycle control of chromosomal replication, granulocyte–macrophage colony stimulation factor (GM-CSF) signaling, stress activated protein kinase (SAPK)/Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling, serine/threonine protein kinase family (PAK) signaling, and acute phase response signaling. Here, APLN is linked to chronic kidney disease.