HSPB1 and colitis: While L. reuteri treatment maintained these changes during colitis, it specifically enhanced the HSP25 responses in the surface mucosa (Figure 6A), reflected by the increased MFI, the HSP25-positive area, and the significantly increased mucosal surface/crypt expression ratio compared to those of the DSS-only group (Figures 6A–D, p < 0.0001).